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A list of all pages that have property "Lessons learnt" with value "Success". Since there have been only a few results, also nearby values are displayed.

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  • Case study:Habitat Management and Raptor Conservation in Nestos Delta and Gorge - LIFE02 NAT/GR/008489  + (Problems were experienced in cooperation bProblems were experienced in cooperation between local authorities - and with the national authorities. This contributed to delays in the construction of a stone observation hide opposite the feeding site - to observe the vultures without disturbing them - and prevented the successful development of other planned visitor infrastructure during the timeframe of the project.</br></br>A fenced feeding site was set up for birds of prey to replace natural prey that have declined in numbers. This was especially targeted at the griffon vulture colony residing on the cliffs of the Nestos gorge as well as vulture populations nesting in Dadia and Bulgaria. Unfortunately, delays in establishing the site meant that regular feeding of the vultures did not take place during the project's duration. take place during the project's duration.)
  • Case study:Ribble Life Together  + (Processes can overcome problems: With a laProcesses can overcome problems: With a large programme of capital projects, it was essential we kept the whole programme moving forward. We created a matrix for each project type - woodlands, wetlands and fish pass / weir removal - detailing every milestone we needed to reach in order to successfully deliver each project. For example, creating a woodland development process that mirrored the approval process the Forestry Commission carry out woodland creation. This meant we carried out the same checks, prior to application, that the Forestry Commission would undertake, effectively pre-screening them ourselves. This meant all of our woodland projects were approved. By ensuring each individual project followed the route we had developed, and being able to quickly track progress, we were able to complete our capital works programme in the first three years of delivery. This had been planned to give us a final 'year of celebration', but in the end it meant that all of our capital projects had been delivered before COVID19 hit in 2020. We continue to adapt and improve this system as guidance and priorities change. Whilst this process is more widely used now, back in 2017 we believe this was not routinely done for these types of capital works projects in such a systematic way.</br></br>Keep it simple: It’s amazing that we’ve been able to achieve so much, but did we give ourselves too much to do? By doing so many things we have been able to try new things, but did this stop us making the most of everything we did? Perhaps if we had done slightly less, we could have spent more time on being more inclusive and celebrating success. In the end we did achieve everything we set out to do, but this is something we’ve thought about when considering new projects.</br></br>Become more inclusive: We have certainly widened our audience and worked with communities across the catchment, and this was our key aim five years ago. However, our ongoing aim is to reflect all communities across the catchment, and we feel we still have some way to go with this. We are already exploring ideas for projects that will help us work in those communities that, so far, we have failed to reach, and this is something we’re very excited about for the future. Also, Ribble Life Together focussed on natural heritage – is there more to explore?</br></br>Celebrate success: Because we are focussed so much on ‘getting things done’, we can sometimes forget to take a moment, reflect and celebrate what we have achieved. We are far more likely to finish something, then quickly move on to the next piece of work. Unless people know about what we’re doing and why we’re doing it, it can’t have the full impact it needs. We are getting better at this, but this is something we need to do on a more regular basis.ing we need to do on a more regular basis.)
  • Case study:Hampton Court Palace  + (Project timing is essential to maximize beProject timing is essential to maximize benefit. When to cut vegetation, when to plant, what time is best to carry out re-profiling to limit disturbance,when it is best to work with local communites, schools in particular and those with more fixed schedules, and the fact that projects must be allowed to be flexible enough to alter perimeters should the need arise within these timings.hould the need arise within these timings.)
  • Case study:River Tarrant Rehabilitation Project  + (Providing cattle and sheep do not have accProviding cattle and sheep do not have access to the channel on a permanent basis, the created features of pools, runs and low-flow self-cleansing sections will not only be sustained, but improve over time. </br>The hoped for growth of willow to form both habitat and landscape improvements has less chance of guaranteed success - the logs and stakes have been left far too long (over seven months at least) for ideal use. They have also been installed much later in the season than is the norm to encourage sprouting and rooting. When installed in the dormant period, or spring / early summer, sprouting is accompanied by rapid root growth - both will be limited now, and roots may not have sufficient dampness to succeed.</br></br>Keeping the banks fenced for two years will be ideal if any growth of willows is to reachits maximum potential; thereafter periodic grazing will help keep lower branches in check and be good for all other aspects of the marginal vegetation (as well as restore full grazing potential)as well as restore full grazing potential))
  • Case study:Lullingstone Castle phase 2  + (Qualitative success criteria were developeQualitative success criteria were developed by the Project Partnership. All of the aims have been delivered upon with observed improvements in the quality of habitat and features particularly. It is believed that fish populations are improving, with wild brown trout being caught, suggesting that it could become an important local breeding area. Further areas where improvements can be made are being identified.ovements can be made are being identified.)
  • Case study:3Rivers - Lumburn:Walkham:Tavy  + (Relatively short term projects (12 months Relatively short term projects (12 months or less) such as this make it difficult to build moment to any degree and identify and contact the most relevant land/ home owners with regard to impact on the rivers. Higher impact farms, such as the larger dairy units are particularly difficult to engage. Householders on non-mains drainage are also difficult to engage with through the normal methods such as attendance at events and markets etc.; the most effective way of engaging with non-mains drainage householders was through cold calling. </br></br>Good numbers of volunteers were available for tasks such as the undertaking of walkover surveys.</br></br>Landowners were reticent to plant trees, generally because land is being used for agricultural and the grants available for tree planting aren't significant. </br></br>Further water quality monitoring is required to provide greater details of phosphate and other pollution inputs.s of phosphate and other pollution inputs.)
  • Case study:Boldersbeek  + (Researchers of Alterra (now Wageningen Environmental Research) state that the basins would not have ondergone such rapid plant succession if they had been made a bit deeper.)
  • Case study:Saving Chiswick Eyot  + (Restoration work using traditional willow Restoration work using traditional willow withies has resulted in improved overall appearance and accretion to some areas of the bank. Vegetation is not growing in the silt perhaps because of a lack of oxygen. Seepage from the bank toe area is keeping the silt mobile in some areas. The current approach employed by Thames21 of incremental maintenance appears to be successful and demonstrates good cost vs. benefit, especially since partners have started to make contributions towards costs. Withies planted on the flat surface of the island by the Old Chiswick Protection Society are growing well and the willow holt, which is pollarded annually, appears to be in good condition. The withies produced by the pollarding are bundled by the OCPS and volunteers and used to provide structure behind the spiling and fascines.</br></br>It might be useful at this point to consider additional techniques such as rolls of rocks (rocks bundled into mesh 'socks') at the areas of the bank toe with seepage. Thames21 has also mentioned using different species of aquatic plants.using different species of aquatic plants.)
  • Case study:Habitat improvement measures in Bortneelva  + (Results so far: Fish studies were conductResults so far:</br></br>Fish studies were conducted in 2018 by Rådgivende Biologer AS. Due to general low densities of juvenile fish in 2018, there were not enough data to say anything conclusive about the effects of the measures conducted in the river (Irgens, C. & Hellen, B.A. 2019. Fiskebiologiske undersøkelser i Bortneelva i 2018. Rådgivende Biologer AS, rapport 2910, 16 sider, ISBN 978-82-8308-63 3-1).port 2910, 16 sider, ISBN 978-82-8308-63 3-1).)
  • Case study:River Pinn Enhancement near Ickenham  + (Revisiting site in July 2009: The gravel has concentrated the low flows and revived water flow in the reach, and diverse marginal and bankside vegetation has established.)
  • Case study:Pickering Beck & Dutchy Water improvement project  + (River management must be sensitive to the River management must be sensitive to the needs of the river and the wider environment. </br></br>The project had to be undertaken in bite sized bits and work involved, and was supported by, members of the local fisheries association. Working parties encouraged attendance by family members of all ages and were also a key mechanism for engagement as well as labour. Members worked as inclusive teams and their success and achievements were fed back to them to demonstrate their involvement in completing the scheme. </br></br>The work also dovetailed with and contributed to the efforts of the 'slowing the flows' project that is designed to generate floodwater storage upstream of a bridge bottleneck notorious for flooding Pickering town centre. Inventive use of heavy-horses to undertake coniferous forestry management also solved difficulties with vehicular access.</br></br>The Pickering Fisheries Association (PFA) are planning a similar project to manage and protect another wild trout fishery.ge and protect another wild trout fishery.)
  • Case study:Bowston Weir Removal  + (SCRT created a Local Community Engagement SCRT created a Local Community Engagement Plan with local representatives which explained how, what and when we would communicate with local stakeholders and the public. This was extremely effective in setting out our engagement responsibilities and ensured a standardised approached to our communications.dardised approached to our communications.)
  • Case study:Rewilding Enfield's Urban Rivers  + (See individual project entries.)
  • Case study:Restoration of the lowland river system Grote Nete  + (See references)
  • Case study:Kimpton Park  + (Services on the site are the primary constServices on the site are the primary constraints. These consist of a gas main and foul sewer with manhole which are restricting the alignment and depth of the new channel. In addition the catchment itself is a constraint. London Clay underlies the site and downstream sections. However as the catchment rises a transition occurs to more permeable Chalk. This combination of a permeable upper catchment and urban build up may have contributed to the flashy nature of the Pyl Brook. Therefore the scheme has to cope with low base flows and peaky responses during storm events.s and peaky responses during storm events.)
  • Case study:Glaisdale Beck Restoration Project  + (Short time-scales of the project resulted Short time-scales of the project resulted in time pressures in surveying the catchment, prioritising key restoration works, and implementing these plans to ensure works were delivered on the ground within the year. We also had difficulty in securing local contractors to deliver works with the short notice, but we did secure contractors who did a great job. The Partnership has now built up a very useful local contractors list for future river restoration projects. </br></br>Uncontrollable factors such as the very wet weather experienced through autumn, winter 2015 and most of spring 2016 were out of our control, but by agreeing with our project funders we were able to extend the project by two months to complete all works.</br></br>As the Glaisdale Beck Restoration Project focused on a small area of the Esk and Coastal Streams Catchment it has enabled us to build very good relations with the local land managers/owners. There are still further works to be done to continue to improve the Glaisdale Beck waterbody and riparian habitat, but this project has opened doors for us to deliver further works in the future.us to deliver further works in the future.)
  • Case study:Improving the Conservation Status of Freshwater Pearl Mussel Targeting the Clun SAC and Upstream Waters  + (Significant lineage of riprian buffers estSignificant lineage of riprian buffers established and multiple resourse protection measures implemented. As of February 2014, the project has established/protected approximately 25,000m of riparian buffer. Surveys and scoping studies undertaken. This is ongoing work in collaboration with EA, NE and CSFI and complements HLS and CSFI capital works in the Clun Catchment. CSFI capital works in the Clun Catchment.)
  • Case study:Lea Bridge Waterway Wall Improvements  + (So far so good some modifications were made to the design of the sand martin nesting tubes once the first was installed. Further reed baskets are being installed as only 5 were purchased originally, another 15 will be on site soon.)
  • Case study:Hoffer Brook  + (So far the mesh is working well, and unlikSo far the mesh is working well, and unlikely to fail for a long time. It will be interested to revisit in 10 or 20 years to see what happens to the new gravel bed. Invertebrates colonised the new habitat quickly and it is hoped that trout will spawn there one day.</br></br>Cattle drinks were created with a gravel bed and fencing - in hindsight more gravel in each would have been better.ore gravel in each would have been better.)
  • Case study:Castle Irwell Urban Wetland  + (Some of the issues faced as part of projecSome of the issues faced as part of project was to show it was feasible to construct a new wetland within an Agency flood basin without undermining it’s integrity and primary function, and ensuring the wetland had sufficient water to support the varied priority wetland habitats sought. This was achieved by undertaking groundwater monitoring and ground investigations, with results fed back into design. </br>Another essential element of the wetland design was to ensure that it would be relatively simple to manage, i.e., by ensuring good vehicular access, and ensuring new wetland habitats were easily maintainable by local conservation groups and council, and reduced risk of competition between wetland habitat types. </br>The urban wetland is located in the lower Irwell; a catchment that has significant infestations of invasive non-native species. Therefore an invasive control programme was essential, and integrated as part of construction works. Also a long term monitoring and control programme will be adopted as part of overall capital scheme maintenance.art of overall capital scheme maintenance.)
  • Case study:River Stour habitat enhancements at Great Bradley and Little Bradley  + (Some of this work was carried out as part Some of this work was carried out as part of a River Improvement Week in which Environment Agency staff used environmental leave days to work with colleagues from other teams as well as with volunteers from the Dedham Vale AONB. Feedback about this approach was extremely positive.bout this approach was extremely positive.)
  • Case study:Hogsmill Sewage Treatment Works phase 1  + (Spring 2013:<br>A number of large loSpring 2013:<br>A number of large log deflectors that were placed there to attempt to improve flow and scour are currently ineffective due to the over wide channel. The Hogsmill STW phase 2 project will build on this previous work undertaken by Thames Water.<br><br>Good population of large fish, probably chub (approx 40-60cm)<br>Parts of the Hogsmill River support extensive aquatic vegetation and some London rarities such as small pondweed Potamogeton berchtoldii.The upper reaches have a diverse invertebrate community including some species characteristic of chalk streams. Caddisflies and mayflies have been found, as well as the more pollution tolerant beetles, freshwater shrimps and freshwater limpets.ution tolerant beetles, freshwater shrimps and freshwater limpets.)
  • Case study:Adare Fish Counter  + (Stakeholder consultation and partnership cStakeholder consultation and partnership critical for project success.</br>Resourcing the project with the most experienced staff ensured success. </br>Sequencing of work critical.</br>Specialist concrete saw facilitated retaining a significant section of the existing weir.</br>This retained good reference and control points for accurate setting out.Future maintenance issues should be given due consideration in the design process.</br>Detailed pre-works survey and design drawings critical to efficient planning and project delivery.</br>Local recording of water levels allowed efficient project planning in the advent of high river flows (waterlevel.ie).dvent of high river flows (waterlevel.ie).)
  • Case study:Guphill Brook Riverine Enhancement  + (Start a monitoring plan with help from RivStart a monitoring plan with help from River Restoration Centre early on in project planning. Set aside sufficient funds to carry on monitoring such as invertebrate sampling and flora surveys for several years.</br>Agree with Council several months before scheduled works if path closure is necessary as this can be very costly.</br>Forming partnerships with Council and EA greatly assists in smooth running of project and maximises gains.</br>Completing excavation works in early spring (February/March) allows for quick regeneration of vegetation after disturbance and an ideal time to plant any plug plants/trees or sow seed mixture.any plug plants/trees or sow seed mixture.)
  • Case study:River Adur - Shipley weir removal  + (Starting this project late in the year meaStarting this project late in the year meant we had had to pull out when the weather turned. The welfare unit left on site was repeatedly flooded costing the project up to £40,000. Lesson learnt, try and secure funding as early as possible so you can programme the works to co-incide with the nice weather. works to co-incide with the nice weather.)
  • Case study:Ecclesbourne Farm project  + (Support through the partnership has resultSupport through the partnership has resulted in an HLS agreement, which includes water related options e.g. buffer strips. £10.5K match ‘in-kind’ contribution from the farmers. Developed good working relationships with NFU, Natural England and Derbyshire Wildlife Trust and has led to development of further projects.</br></br>This project has been a really positive example of partners working together to deliver common objectives.</br></br>Derbyshire Wildlife Trust is continuing to deliver biodiversity and water related benefits through their ongoing project supported by SITA funding. The existing partners will continue to develop a similar approach in the Amber catchment.a similar approach in the Amber catchment.)
  • Case study:Marking Bradford Beck  + (Surprisingly large support for the project Find innovative ways to involve the community Slowly slowly catchee monkey)
  • Case study:Lowdham NFM  + (TRT felt that although the project was priTRT felt that although the project was primarily to deliver NFM and evaluate its performance that we would be able to deliver multiply benefits to the waterbody. We have been successful in these aims and have taken a lot of lessons from the project.</br>* Do not under estimate the amount of time needed to engage with farmers, landowners and parish councils.</br>* Not everyone believes that NFM will work and some landowners will refuse to allow you to undertake the work on their land.</br>* TRT delivered over 50 interventions, which proved successful but the number was largely determined by opportunities that arose. For NFM to be really successful it needs to be upscale and delivered on a far broader scale. </br>* It is relatively easy to deliver leaky barriers, but more difficult to deliver river restoration, storage and wetland areas.er restoration, storage and wetland areas.)
  • Case study:Restoration of Porvoonjoki  + (Thanks to the local volunteers the restoraThanks to the local volunteers the restorations have been very succesfull and now the salmonid fish and many other fish species have better conditions to live and reproduce in the river. Still there are many barriers to the migratory fish and those issues need to be taking into consideratin in the future.be taking into consideratin in the future.)
  • Case study:Westborough  + (That by looking at our existing maintenance works; we can promote best practice by delivering cost saving initiatives that have a wider benefit on river ecology with minimal cost implications.)
  • Case study:Lippenbroek Regulated Tidal Exchange Scheme  + (The CRT technique employed at Lippenbroek The CRT technique employed at Lippenbroek has potential applicability for habitat creation along other heavily developed estuaries. It furthermore represents a technique which can significantly reduce the tidal prism of a site, without compromising the development of a range of intertidal habitats, thus minimising potential negative effects on small estuary systems. The technique also enables the establishment of intertidal habitats at lower elevations in the tidal frame than those of intertidal systems fronting a defence, and would thus be of potential use in areas where land levels behind a defence are relatively low compared to fronting levels. However, longer flood duration and low-turbidity stages may lead to higher accretion rates than in adjacent natural systems(ABPmer, 2008).in adjacent natural systems(ABPmer, 2008).)
  • Case study:Millfield Plantation 2  + (The River Pant has low flow issues during The River Pant has low flow issues during the summer, and is also a conduit for the Ely-Ouse transfer system, these must be protected at all costs. Therefore any connection to the floodplain must take this into account. Also, due to the constraints of having to ensure that the landowner can keep access to the surrounding fields we have had to go for a formal connection, in an ideal world we would go for a more informal connection that would offer additional benefits to fish fry and avoid the need for an eel screen to prevent eels from being deposited in the new back channel.m being deposited in the new back channel.)
  • Case study:River Leith Restoration Project, Thrimby, Penrith, Cumbria  + (The River Restoration Centre conducted an evaluation of this and other Cumbria River Restoration Strategy projects during 2015 and the report of their findings is available on the RRC website.)
  • Case study:River Lyvennet River Restoration Project at Maulds Meaburn, Penrith, Cumbria  + (The River Restoration Centre conducted an evaluation of this and other Cumbria River Restoration Strategy projects during 2015 and the report of their findings is available on the RRC website.)
  • Case study:ReNaturalize  + (The aim of the project Renaturalize was toThe aim of the project Renaturalize was to evaluate if techniques of river restoration widely used in the United Kingdom were effective in the River Mangaraí located in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. The ReNaturalize project was developed to apply and evaluate effectiveness of the use of logs and wood branches within the river channel in a tropical environment. The evaluation of the efficacy of the British method in a tropical environment was based on assessments of water quality, sediment and aquatic biota, as well as achievements of work with the local community.</br>- In general, installed wood structures had good durability. The anchoring techniques that best fit the hydrodynamics of the River Mangaraí were the "rigid" type with anchorage at the margin. "D" structures have shown rapid benefits for insect colonization and habitat creation for fish, but they had a short life. To play the role of sediment retention and habitat creation, so-called 'dragon tooth' structures have proven to be more effective. The flexible structures served as a shelter for fish and are more durable. The trunks anchored to the margins presented an excellent function of sediment retention and increased riverbed heterogeneity and differential flow creation.</br>- Fixed Point photographs are a very useful tool to present the results of the Renaturalize project. We suggest that in future projects these photographs be made in panoramic mode to perfect the technique.</br>- Although this project focused on environmental quality parameters, the results of the ReNaturalize project have shown that the integration, environmental education and income generation provided to the local community generated socio-environmental benefits. This provides gains for both biodiversity and the surrounding community. From the implementation of the project, it was understood that local communities had a misconception about the presence of wood logs within rivers. Although environmental education activities were not foreseen within this project, their development was extremely important for the local community to change this conception. In addition, the training of the work team sought to develop notions of management of LW in rivers.lop notions of management of LW in rivers.)
  • Case study:Morden Hall Park Water Vole Habitat Enhancement  + (The banks remained fairly stable where the boards had been removed. Any slumping or collapse will be left to allow the formation of natural features. Future planting of emergent vegetation types may be needed to enhance the marginal habitat.)
  • Case study:Irpin river restoration  + (The big number of problems and open questiThe big number of problems and open questions is beyond the personnel and financial capacity of Ukrainian state institutions. International cooperation will help to gain or exchange best practices in river restoration but it is also clear that a much smaller subbasin of the river had to be selected to start with.he river had to be selected to start with.)
  • Case study:Ullswater Catchment Restoration  + (The biggest success has been the meaningfuThe biggest success has been the meaningful partnership developed with all landowners and farmers who have worked with us over the past 10 years. A relationship of trust and respect has been built through collaboration, ensuring they are treated as a true partner, can input into design, oversee construction, and take ownership of the results. The momentum of project delivery is increasing, and this can be attributed to the commitment to building and maintaining these relationships. </br> </br> </br>Funding for projects such as this can be incredibly hard to come by and the partnerships commitment to showcasing our work and communicating passionately about our objectives has resulted in significant income through private donations and crowd funders. A community far wider than Ullswater feel invested in our work. </br> </br> </br>The partnership has also worked hard to improve local skills and education opportunities. Through the Riverlands project we have hosted 3 apprentices over the last 6 years, galvanising a new generation of river champions. We have worked with local contractors for all projects, providing a learning space for local construction companies to diversify into natural flood management and habitat works. The volume of work has supported numerous small contractors who are now as much a partner to the project as anyone. They have developed a deep understanding of how important it is to protect this landscape and the methods they can use to enhance it.nd the methods they can use to enhance it.)
  • Case study:Cardiff Rivers Group  + (The cleanliness of our rivers is down to hThe cleanliness of our rivers is down to human education. By being highly visible in the events we undertake, we show people how pristine their rivers can be. When we leave areas clean, this discourages people from using the waterways as a convenient rubbish dump. Cleanliness breeds cleanliness.bish dump. Cleanliness breeds cleanliness.)
  • Case study:Bird reserve “O Grove” (Pontevedra)  + (The colaboration between citizenship and scientifist can be possible and many habitats can be protected and conserved for diversity.)
  • Case study:Salmonid, coarse fish and wetland bird habitat and flood plain linkage project, Hampshire Avon  + (The collaborative working went very well, The collaborative working went very well, especially with building in a monitoring plan through collaboration with other Catchment Partners.</br>The project gave some good case studies that can be used in conjunction with other angling clubs to get them delivering some of the same types of projects on other reaches in the catchment.rojects on other reaches in the catchment.)
  • Case study:Bird reserve “Finca San Miguel” (Huesca)  + (The conecction between ONG and farmers can be possible, the management of the sources is essential for the ecosystem maintenance.)
  • Case study:Spring Meadow Meander Restoration  + (The design of the new two-stage channel (iThe design of the new two-stage channel (incorporating a low flow channel) has increased water depth during low flows. In combination with a greater variety of channel widths and depths, this has increased habitat diversity which should benefit fish populations. </br></br>Within a year of the project works, native vegetation had begun to establish on the banks. This will provide shelter and feeding areas for fish during high flows and will increase habitat for invertebrate species such as dragonflies, beetles and fly species.</br></br>The newly created backwater will provide refuge for juveile fish, create warmer conditions and shallow refugia as nursey areas for young amphibians and invertebrates which live in still water. The introduction of woody material provides shelter during low flows and marginal shelves will become vegetated and provide areas for feeding and resting.</br></br>Out of channel habitat enhancement of floodplain woodland and additional lateral connectivity is expected to lead to improvements in the biodiversity value of the landscape (wet meadow habitats are nationally rare) & reduce flood risk downstream by increasing capacity for floodwaters. </br></br>The public have been consulted and kept informed of progress throughout the project, building local support for river restoration and its associated benefits.river restoration and its associated benefits.)
  • Case study:Bird reserve “Las Marismas Blancas” (Cantabria)  + (The efforts in restoration of local wildlife and vegetation have been effective in this zone and the image of industrial zone is not so remarkable)
  • Case study:Restoration of spawning grounds for trout in Bjornesfjorden (Hardangervidda)  + (The establishment of flow deflectors and tThe establishment of flow deflectors and the laying of rocks, blocks and uprooted trees in areas with previously low hydromorphological variation, have great potential for the improvement of the aquatic environment and habitats - in this example, fish production increased in the rehabilitated areas.</br></br>Higher densities of both “yearlings” and older juvenile fish were found in the habitat-improved areas than were found in the control sites. </br></br>The flow deflectors led to a better spatial distribution of spawning opportunities for lake trout in the upper part of the Teigdal river.</br></br>It could have been advantageous to place more blocks and stones in the riverbed to increase the extent of the measures and thus the quality of the habitat in the habitat-poor areas. An analysis of the total available area in the three habitat-improved areas shows that only 2% of this area had been improved. An increase would further enhance the habitat and lead to a higher fish production.itat and lead to a higher fish production.)
  • Case study:Day Brook Rain Gardens  + (The following challenges were managed duriThe following challenges were managed during the project;</br></br>•Limited time to design and construct the scheme.</br>•Varying support for the scheme amongst residents and general lack of understanding of how surface water contributes to flooding and poor water quality.</br>•Safety concerns – residents and safety audit helped refine rain garden design.ty audit helped refine rain garden design.)
  • Case study:Bird reserve “Riet Vell” (Tarragona)  + (The function of aquatic birds and local veThe function of aquatic birds and local vegetation in this environment is very important, they stablish a ecological balance and they can provide a beautiful site for people. Furthermore, the installation of ecological rice has improved the enviromental flows. rice has improved the enviromental flows.)
  • Case study:Bird reserve “El Clot” (Tarragona)  + (The function of aquatic birds and local veThe function of aquatic birds and local vegetation in this environment is very important, they stablish a ecological balance and they can provide a beautiful place to visit. Furthermore, the installation of ecological rice has improved the enviromental flows. rice has improved the enviromental flows.)
  • Case study:Afon Merin Natural Process Restoration  + (The implementation of this scheme on WelshThe implementation of this scheme on Welsh Government Woodland Estate has shown that there are high value gains possible at low cost inputs which can be imnplemented alongside current Forest management techniques. These can yield multiple benefits and studying these allows us to put forward a case for spreading this work and ethos across the wider Woodland Estate with potential for large scale projects. The multiple benefits are closely aligned with NRW's wider Corporate and Business plans and better ways of working which look to generate positive outcomes through nature based solutions giving positive benefits across a broad spectrum of habitats, species and communities.trum of habitats, species and communities.)
  • Case study:River Witham Great Ponton  + (The importance of gravel and floodplain coThe importance of gravel and floodplain connectivity to drive significant change. Need for wood in by-pass channel. Where the constraints have been addressed by realigning and re-naturalising the channel at Grange Farm, habitat improvement has been more successful, although further intervention is required. Introduced gravel has been displaced in high flows and needs to be replaced with larger calibre material which will remain stable and restore the designed pool-riffle sequence. The abrupt change in valley floor gradient at this site constrained the design of the new channel and caused this situation; this is unusual and should not be a deterrent to similar river restoration schemes elsewhere.milar river restoration schemes elsewhere.)