Case study:Salmon Conservation

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Location: 51° 45' 53.63" N, 2° 24' 6.29" W

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Project overview

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Status	In progress
Project web site	http://www.wyeuskfoundation.org/projects/salmonconservation.php
Themes	Economic aspects, Fisheries, Habitat and biodiversity
Country	England
Main contact forename	Stephen
Main contact surname	Marsh-Smith
Main contact user ID
Contact organisation	Wye & Usk Foundation
Contact organisation web site	http://www.wyeuskfoundation.org/
Partner organisations	Migratory Salmon Fund, Environment Agency
Parent multi-site project
This is a parent project encompassing the following projects	No

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Project summary

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What is the value of a salmon? This varies according to who catches it. To a kingfisher or goosander a young salmon is a tasty meal. To a poacher or commercial netsman it is up to £15 per lb. To the rural economy each one caught on rod and line is worth £4,000+, whilst to a fishery's capital value it is worth around £12,000 per fish caught each year, whether kept or released. To someone caught with an illegally taken fish it is worth minus £1,000! To those concerned with restoring a depleted salmon run, a fish left in the river to breed is priceless.

With that last point in mind, what has the Wye & Usk Foundation done to conserve and increase the number of fish on the redds?

1. 2000 - we bought off the Severn Estuary drift nets for good with funding from owners, MSF (Orri Vigfusson's Migratory Salmon Fund), concerned trusts and fishermen.

2. Also in 2000 we signed up the Goldcliff putchers (upstream of Newport) to a five year moratorium.

3. 1998 - we launched a catch and release scheme to reward anglers who returned spring salmon alive to the river. This was superseded by the national byelaws 1999, which made the return of all salmon before 16th June mandatory.

4. 2003 - we introduced another River Wye Catch and Release incentive scheme from 16th June to the end of season.

5. 2003 - we pressed hard, despite the unpopularity, to have worming, shrimping and prawning banned on the Wye. They were later that year.

6. We joined with the Wessex Salmon Trust to provide evidence for the EU complaint against the Irish drift nets. In 2007, all legal Irish drift netting ceased.

7. 2008 - Environment Agency Wales permanently bought out Goldcliff putchers after extending moratorium

8. 2010 and 2011 - WUF and Environment Agency bought off the Lydney Park Putchers pending introduction of strict catch limits. From 2012, enabled by the Coastal and Marine Act, this is fixed at 30 salmon p/a.

9. 2012 - another byelaw made it compulsory to release all Wye salmon throughout the season.

The Benefits: In the Estuary: Averaged over the last decade, over 2,000 salmon p/a will be freed to spawn the Wye & Usk rivers but in all probability, many more than that. For the first time since Roman times salmon have free access beyond the estuary nets and traps.

On the Wye, although voluntary catch and release rates rose from 7% in 1996, to over 70% in 2010, this was not enough to stave off a bylaw which was introduced in June 2012. The Wye's recovery will no longer be held back by legal exploitation.

On the Usk (June 2012) we urge that as many as possible Usk salmon are returned after the current mandatory catch and release period finishes on 16th June. The Usk is not reaching its conservation target. At the very least, all coloured fish and hens are returned after that date, pending whatever action Environment Agency Wales proposes for the future.

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Catchment and subcatchment Select a catchment/subcatchment Edit the catchment and subcatchment details (affects all case studies in this subcatchment) Catchment River basin district Severn River basin Subcatchment River name Area category Area (km2) Maximum altitude category Maximum altitude (m) Dominant geology Ecoregion Dominant land cover Waterbody ID Other case studies in this subcatchment: Farming For Water Site Edit site Name WFD water body codes WFD (national) typology Intertidal, Estuarine WFD water body name Pre-project morphology Reference morphology Desired post project morphology Heavily modified water body No National/international site designation Local/regional site designations Protected species present No Invasive species present No Species of interest Dominant hydrology Dominant substrate River corridor land use Average bankfull channel width category Average bankfull channel width (m) Average bankfull channel depth category Average bankfull channel depth (m) Mean discharge category Mean annual discharge (m3/s) Average channel gradient category Average channel gradient Average unit stream power (W/m2) Project background Edit project background Reach length directly affected (m) Project started 1995 Works started Works completed Project completed Total cost category Total cost (k€) Benefit to cost ratio Funding sources Cost for project phases Phase cost category cost exact (k€) Lead organisation Contact forename Contact surname Investigation and design Stakeholder engagement and communication Works and works supervision Post-project management and maintenance Monitoring Reasons for river restoration Edit reasons for restoration Mitigation of a pressure Decreasing stock of salmon Hydromorphology Biology Physico-chemical Other reasons for the project Measures Edit Measures Structural measures Bank/bed modifications Floodplain / River corridor Planform / Channel pattern Other Buying off Severn Estuary drift nets Non-structural measures Management interventions Catch and release scheme, Banning of bait fishing on the Wye Social measures (incl. engagement) Other Monitoring Hydromorphological quality elements Edit Hydromorphological quality elements Element When monitored Type of monitoring Control site used Result Before measures After measures Qualitative Quantitative Biological quality elements Edit biological quality elements Element When monitored Type of monitoring Control site used Result Before measures After measures Qualitative Quantitative Physico-chemical quality elements Edit Physico-chemical quality elements Element When monitored Type of monitoring Control site used Result Before measures After measures Qualitative Quantitative Any other monitoring, e.g. social, economic Edit Other responses Element When monitored Type of monitoring Control site used Result Before measures After measures Qualitative Quantitative Monitoring documents Upload monitoring documents Additional documents and videos Upload additional documents Additional links and references Edit links and references Link Description Supplementary Information Edit Supplementary Information