Case study:Rodley weir by pass channel

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Location: 53° 49' 10.53" N, 1° 38' 40.64" W

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Project overview

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Status	In progress
Project web site	http://www.yorkshirewater.com/our-environment/biodiversity/river-restoration-programme.aspx
Themes	Environmental flows and water resources, Fisheries, Habitat and biodiversity, Hydromorphology, Monitoring, Social benefits, Water quality, Urban
Country	England
Main contact forename	Kathryn
Main contact surname	Turner
Main contact user ID	User:Dr Turner
Contact organisation	Yorkshire Water
Contact organisation web site	http://www.yorkshirewater.com/our-environment/biodiversity.aspx
Partner organisations
Parent multi-site project	Yorkshire Water River Restoration
This is a parent project encompassing the following projects	No

Project picture

Project summary

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Addressing barriers to fish passage: The Rodley weir by pass channel.

Water industry investment has transformed the water quality of our rivers over the last 25 years and morphology is now one of the significant challenges to return river life to as natural condition as they can be. Yorkshires industrial legacy of many modifications and weirs in our working rivers presents a significant challenge in meeting the Water Framework Directive (WFD)requirements for fish passage in main rivers, as well as the Humber River Basin Plan goal of having sustainable populations of migratory fish in all Yorkshire rivers by 2021. In the last three years Yorkshire Water has undertaken several projects designed to investigate how to tackle these barriers and other water quality issues. Rodley weir bypass channel is the first of these to be completed.

Rodley weir sits in the main channel of the River Aire, it has a head of 1.8m and presents a significant barrier to the movement both of migratory species, such as brown trout, lampreys, salmon and European eels, and other course fish movement within the river.

This weir was identified as one of around 11 key barriers to fish movement in the Aire by the Environment Agency and Aire action group , the others being Chapel Haddlesey Weir, Knottingley Weir, Knostrop and Crown Point Weirs (Leeds), Armley Mills Weir (Leeds), St Ann’s Mills and Burley Mills Weirs (Kirkstall, Leeds), Salts Mill Weir (Bradford), Hirst Mill Weir (Saltaire, Bradford), Systagenix Weir (Gargrave). Projects to address these barriers are under development by multiple agencies including the Environment Agency, Canal and Rivers Trust, Leeds and Bradford Councils, the Bradford amateur rowing club, and Aire rivers trust.

Site ownership The Rodley weir is bounded on one side by Rodley Nature Reserve and on the other by privately owned land. Yorkshire water owns the Rodley Nature Reserve land which was leased to the Rodley Nature Reserve following the reduction in size of the Rodley waste water treatment works. Ownership of the weir is split between the two sides of the river. As the private landowner declined to discuss the project, removal of the weir had to be ruled out . The options were then either an on-weir fish pass on the Yorkshire Water side, such as a Larinier Super Active Baffle Fish pass or a by-pass channel.

Choice of solution Since the weir could not be taken out and more natural processes restored in the river the highest quality solution was a bypass channel. Building of new river habitat has associated additional biodiversity benefits, and was chosen above an on weir fish pass ,which would have an ongoing maintenance cost associated with it, and would not provide any additional habitat for other species. The new channel was designed by our partners ARUP.

The route of the fish pass was heavily constrained by the presence of an overhead electricity pylon located on the left bank of the Aire adjacent to the weir and carrying 132,000V electricity cables, around which the utility provider imposed a 12m no-dig zone as well as a 6m height restriction beneath the cables. In addition to the physical constraints associated with the pylon, the ARUP design team’s challenges included complex hydraulic factors. Ensuring that a strong flow emerged from the fish pass was critical to attract fish to the entrance, whilst ensuring that the channel was deep enough and water velocities low enough for fish to advance upstream without becoming exhausted during migration flows.

Rock armour stone on the base and bed of the channel encourages heterogeneous flow conditions, provides crevices for refuge and protection against damage during high flow events. The design includes provision for maintenance with access to each side of the channel; a landscape and planting scheme was devised with the additional function of providing protection to the channel banks in the short term until vegetation was established. Redi-Rock wall blocks (precast concrete modular wall system with the look of natural stone) were used at the downstream entrance to the channel. This addressed the construction issues that were faced due to piling not being possible under the overhead services lines.

The land on which the pass was built was relatively low lying with a tall herb ruderal flora and subject to flood during high flows. The development of the project and design was done with regular meetings with various stakeholders including the Environment Agency, Rodley Nature Reserve, Yorkshire Water, ARUP and the contractors MMB .

Construction We broke ground on the project in Winter 2011/Spring 2012. Access into the site was restricted as the only route was via a narrow swing bridge across the Leeds-Liverpool canal, with a weight restriction of 25 tonnes. This constraint affected the size of equipment able to reach the site. Working in and adjacent to the River Aire during the wettest summer in 100 years also presented challenges for the project team. River levels would rise rapidly over a matter of hours so it was necessary for the team to monitor levels throughout the day, ceasing work if levels were too high , this resulted in materials and structures being washed away, followed by some significant rebuilding. The irony being that we avoided construction during the previous winter which turned out to be a dry and calm one! This led to additional time and a partial redesign to adapt the pass to high flows, and has resulted in an additional spend of around £350k on the project.

We reused all excavated materials on site creating raised bird hides and pond banks on Rodley Nature Reserve, thereby saving both disposal costs and landfill space, whilst increasing the biodiversity value of the site. The channel was completed in July 2013. The bare ground is under colonisation from Himalayan balsam which is regularly tackled by the reserve staff to allow a more native flora to colonise.

We set up a fish monitoring project which placed solar powered data loggers in the channel to pick up fish tagged this summer.

We are very proud of our achievement on this site and the delivery of an innovative solution to the problem posed by Rodley weir and meeting the WFD requirement for fish passage that supports a much higher biodiversity than any on-weir solution. It forms part of our commitment to “taking responsibility of the water environment for good” and our investigations into how to meet the regulatory requirements for healthy aquatic environments without putting up customers’ bills.

Monitoring surveys and results

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Preliminary data from 88 tagged trout show that fish can find and navigate the pass. We will review the data in spring 2014 to assess fish behviour in the channel.

The channel has colonised well with the hard work of Rodley Nature Reserve volunteers who have hand pulled Himalayan balsam to allow more native plants to flourish. The visitors and volunteers of the reserver report frequent sightings of dippers and grey wagtais and a male otter has moved into the site and is using the channel as a hunting station - indeed some of our tagged fish may have been dinner.

Lessons learnt

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Equipment and materials are highly vulnerable to storms during construcion and their storage must account for 100 yr storm events.

Image gallery

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Rodley weir bypass channel

Rodley bypass channel design (ARUP)

Catchment and subcatchment Select a catchment/subcatchment Edit the catchment and subcatchment details (affects all case studies in this subcatchment) Catchment River basin district Humber River basin Aire and Calder Subcatchment River name Aire from Esholt STW to River Calder Area category 100 - 1000 km² Area (km2) Maximum altitude category 200 - 500 m Maximum altitude (m) 233233 m <br />0.233 km <br />23,300 cm <br /> Dominant geology Calcareous Ecoregion Great Britain Dominant land cover Suburban Waterbody ID GB104027063032 Other case studies in this subcatchment: Kirkstall Valley Weir Fish Passes Project Site Edit site Name Rodley Nature Reserve WFD water body codes WFD (national) typology WFD water body name River Aire Pre-project morphology Reference morphology Desired post project morphology Heavily modified water body No National/international site designation Local/regional site designations Protected species present Yes Invasive species present Yes Species of interest Otter, European eel, brown trout, salmon Dominant hydrology Dominant substrate River corridor land use Average bankfull channel width category Average bankfull channel width (m) Average bankfull channel depth category Average bankfull channel depth (m) Mean discharge category Mean annual discharge (m3/s) Average channel gradient category Average channel gradient Average unit stream power (W/m2) Project background Edit project background Reach length directly affected (m) Project started Works started Works completed Project completed Total cost category Total cost (k€) Benefit to cost ratio Funding sources Cost for project phases Phase cost category cost exact (k€) Lead organisation Contact forename Contact surname Investigation and design Stakeholder engagement and communication Works and works supervision Post-project management and maintenance Monitoring Reasons for river restoration Edit reasons for restoration Mitigation of a pressure Hydromorphology Biology Physico-chemical Other reasons for the project Measures Edit Measures Structural measures Bank/bed modifications Floodplain / River corridor Planform / Channel pattern Other Non-structural measures Management interventions Social measures (incl. engagement) Other Monitoring Hydromorphological quality elements Edit Hydromorphological quality elements Element When monitored Type of monitoring Control site used Result Before measures After measures Qualitative Quantitative Biological quality elements Edit biological quality elements Element When monitored Type of monitoring Control site used Result Before measures After measures Qualitative Quantitative Physico-chemical quality elements Edit Physico-chemical quality elements Element When monitored Type of monitoring Control site used Result Before measures After measures Qualitative Quantitative Any other monitoring, e.g. social, economic Edit Other responses Element When monitored Type of monitoring Control site used Result Before measures After measures Qualitative Quantitative Monitoring documents Upload monitoring documents Additional documents and videos Upload additional documents Additional links and references Edit links and references Link Description Supplementary Information Edit Supplementary Information