Case study:Wye (Herefordshire) Improvement Project (WHIP2)

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Location: 52° 2' 15.02" N, 3° 9' 17.32" W

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Project overview

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Status	Complete
Project web site	http://www.wyeuskfoundation.org/projects/whip2.php
Themes	Environmental flows and water resources, Flood risk management, Habitat and biodiversity, Land use management - agriculture, Land use management - forestry, Water quality
Country	England, Wales
Main contact forename	Stephen
Main contact surname	Marsh-Smith
Main contact user ID
Contact organisation	Wye & Usk Foundation
Contact organisation web site	http://www.wyeuskfoundation.org/
Partner organisations	Environment Agency, Catchment Sensitive Farming
Parent multi-site project
This is a parent project encompassing the following projects	No

The Wye catchment area

Project summary

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The Wye catchment is currently failing to meet the required water quality standard as laid out in the European Water Framework Directive (WFD). Failures can be as a result of barriers to fish migration, phosphate levels from sewage treatment works, septic tanks and diffuse pollution from agriculture. Farming can impact on water quality in several ways including soil loss (sediment), nutrient and pesticides losses. In the WHIP2 project area (the Wye and its tributaries in North and West Herefordshire) there has been a progressive shift away from permanent pasture and orchards to intensive arable crops - potatoes, winter cereals and soft fruits/poly tunnels, for example. The undulating slopes of the county and the light and medium soil type make many of these crops much more of a risk to rivers than if grown in flatter, eastern counties. On top of that there are increasing demands for water from more intensive livestock and poultry farms. In the past 10 years there have been signs of an increase in awareness of these issues within the farming community. Pragmatic solutions are available in both the livestock and arable sectors and are being readily taken up. Experience has shown that the farming community is ready to change further, given appropriate levels of support and the provision of cost effective alternatives. Free advice and grant funding will therefore target these known causes of water body failure on a catchment by catchment basis. In June 2012, we started WHIP2, a 3-year, £1.6m project funded by Defra's Catchment Restoration Fund.

The project has two main areas of activity:

1. Agricultural diffuse pollution management In 2011/12 WUF ran a pilot project on 4 streams in Herefordshire that were failing Good Ecological Status (GES). The intervention of WUF advisors coupled with a quick, easy and flexible grant pool corrected a number of longstanding problems and these waterbodies are now well on the way to attaining GES. This was confirmation that farmers are receptive to our solutions and that by working with them in an entire catchment, real improvements to the streams could be made. By June 2012, in partnership with EA and Catchment Sensitive Farming (CSF), we prioritised 16 water bodies to receive farm advisory visits. By the end of the project we will have visited nearly 400 farms and produced around 320 'whole farm plans'. These plans will advise of good practice and deliver pragmatic solutions that minimise the risk of that farm contributing to Water Body failure. 80km of riparian fencing will be erected and associated alternative water supplies will be implemented in waterbodies where livestock access is contributing to failure. 96 farm infrastructure improvements will be completed. In total, the project's target is to improve the status of 33 waterbody elements, bringing an additional 13 of them into Good Ecological Status. 11 others will change from poor status to moderate.

2. Barriers to migration The Lugg and the Arrow have multiple barriers to migration, some have been there for generations, some more recent. WUF is working on three further easements on both rivers and these will be completed in WHIP2. A further fish pass will be completed on the Garren leaving significant structures upstream at Stony Bridge and Trereece where we have been thwarted by lack of consents. These apart, we will complete all the major fish pass work on the Wye, a task we started 18 years ago.

Project Progress

1st November 2012

• 3 new farm advisors recruited and trained. Farm advisory work commenced in September with farm visits in upper Arrow, Gladestry, Curl and Tippets catchments.

30th June 2013

• 100 farm plans completed. 80% or better coverage in Upper Arrow, Gladestry, Curl and Tippets catchments. Farm work now moving onto the Honeylake, Lower Arrow, Lugg, Aston Brook, Lye Brook, Ridgemoor Brook and Lime Brook.

• Erosion risk mapped on SCIMAP and used to help plan operations on all high risk farms.

• Nutrient management advice for 61 farms.

• Potato day held and attended by most of the major growers in Herefordshire.

• 7.627km of grant assisted riparian fencing erected with alternative water provided.

• 22 farm infrastructure improvements completed.

• Weir removed on Pinsley Brook.

• Easements at Downfield and Mahollam consented and due for completion this summer

• Owners consent secured and funds committed for an easement on Dayhouse Weir (Lugg). Temporary easement to be fitted if necessary.

1st April 2014

• 170 farm plans completed. SCIMAP proving an essential tool in reducing loss of topsoil.

• 11.5km of grant assisted riparian fencing erected with alternative water sources provided.

• 49 farm infrastructure improvements completed.

• Trial to establish most effective way of reducing soil loss from maize established. This is in response to the plans for an extra 2,000ha of maize in 2015 to feed the Anaerobic Digester (AD) plants. The trial is in partnership with Cranfield University and will run for a year.

• Easement completed at Dayhouse weir in time for 2014's salmon run up the Lugg.

Monitoring surveys and results

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Monitoring in late 2013 found 4 water bodies in the project area have been lifted to high status for fish. Electrofishing of Lugg and Arrow 2013 showed wide dispersal of salmon (except upper Lugg) including Curl, Hindwell, Pinsley and Knobley brooks.

Lessons learnt

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Image gallery

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Catchment and subcatchment Select a catchment/subcatchment Site Edit site Name WFD water body codes WFD (national) typology WFD water body name Pre-project morphology Reference morphology Desired post project morphology Heavily modified water body National/international site designation Local/regional site designations Protected species present Invasive species present Species of interest Dominant hydrology Dominant substrate River corridor land use Average bankfull channel width category Average bankfull channel width (m) Average bankfull channel depth category Average bankfull channel depth (m) Mean discharge category Mean annual discharge (m3/s) Average channel gradient category Average channel gradient Average unit stream power (W/m2) Project background Edit project background Reach length directly affected (m) Project started 2012/01/01 Works started Works completed Project completed 2015/12/31 Total cost category Total cost (k€) Benefit to cost ratio Funding sources Cost for project phases Phase cost category cost exact (k€) Lead organisation Contact forename Contact surname Investigation and design Stakeholder engagement and communication Works and works supervision Post-project management and maintenance Monitoring Reasons for river restoration Edit reasons for restoration Mitigation of a pressure Water quality Hydromorphology Biology Physico-chemical Other reasons for the project Measures Edit Measures Structural measures Bank/bed modifications Livestock fencing, Barrier removal Floodplain / River corridor Planform / Channel pattern Other Non-structural measures Management interventions Social measures (incl. engagement) Community Education Other Monitoring Hydromorphological quality elements Edit Hydromorphological quality elements Element When monitored Type of monitoring Control site used Result Before measures After measures Qualitative Quantitative Biological quality elements Edit biological quality elements Element When monitored Type of monitoring Control site used Result Before measures After measures Qualitative Quantitative Physico-chemical quality elements Edit Physico-chemical quality elements Element When monitored Type of monitoring Control site used Result Before measures After measures Qualitative Quantitative Any other monitoring, e.g. social, economic Edit Other responses Element When monitored Type of monitoring Control site used Result Before measures After measures Qualitative Quantitative Monitoring documents Upload monitoring documents Additional documents and videos Upload additional documents Additional links and references Edit links and references Link Description Supplementary Information Edit Supplementary Information