Case study:Removal of Maisons-Rouges dam over the River Vienne

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Location: 47° 0' 42.79" N, 0° 33' 49.74" E

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Project overview

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Status	Complete
Project web site
Themes	Fisheries, Hydropower
Country	France
Main contact forename	ONEMA
Main contact surname	ONEMA
Main contact user ID
Contact organisation	Onema-Delegation Interregional Centre - Poitou - Charentes
Contact organisation web site
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Parent multi-site project
This is a parent project encompassing the following projects	No

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Project summary

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The Vienne is a tributary of the Loire and drains a catchment area covering 21,105 km². The Creuse, a main tributary of the Vienne, flows into it around fifty kilometres upstream of theconfluence of the Loire and Vienne. Situated approximately 250 km from the sea, both of these sub-basins historically attracted salmon, shad, sea lamprey and eels. At the start of the 1920s, Maisons-Montrouge dam was built to a height of 3.8 metres over the Vienne in order to meet the power requirements of the paper mills. This dam created a blockage in both of these basins. The virtually stagnant impoundment caused by the dam was estimated to cover 15 km in total: 8 km on the Creuse and 7 km on the Vienne. The consequences were immediate, because since the building of the structure, not a single salmon or shad had been caught in the waters upstream of Maisons-Rouges. The successive installation of three fish-passes had very little effect. In 1948, EDF (French electricity supply company) took over the concession and automated the dam in 1980. In January 1994, a “Plan Loire Grandeur Nature” (long-term management plan for the River Loire) was launched; it included the removal of the Maisons-Rouges dam due to its numerous effects on river continuity and its low level of economic benefit. The project did not meet with universal approval, but after four years of negotiations and enquiries, the removal of the Maisons-Rouges dam was scheduled. The project consisted of partially removing the oblique dam and the mill building. The operation was carried out in three phases: • Installation of protective dikes and removal of the transversal dam. • Gradual lowering of the impoundment and removal of the protective dikes on the right bank. • Installation of protective dikes on the left bank in order to maintain dry conditions on the worksite and for the demolition of the buildings. The transversal dam, the three sluice gates and the flap were dismantled. A concrete slab was laid on the bottom of the river in order to limit the effects of bed scouring and slow down the downstream migration of sediments.

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Image gallery

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Maisons Rouges dam before the removal.

Satellite photo of the former site of the Maisons-Rouges dam. Alluvial banks have appeared and vegetation has grown on the banks.

The former impoundment of the Maisons-Rouges dam in July 2008 – nine years after its removal.

The Maisons-Rouges site in 2009 – ten years after its removal.

Catchment and subcatchment Select a catchment/subcatchment Edit the catchment and subcatchment details (affects all case studies in this subcatchment) Catchment River basin district Loire-Bretagne River basin Loire Subcatchment River name Vienne Area category 100 - 1000 km² Area (km2) Maximum altitude category 500 - 1000 m Maximum altitude (m) Dominant geology Siliceous Ecoregion Western Plains Dominant land cover Waterbody ID Site Edit site Name Ports and Nouâtre WFD water body codes FRGR0356 WFD (national) typology WFD water body name Pre-project morphology Single channel Reference morphology Single channel Desired post project morphology Heavily modified water body true National/international site designation Local/regional site designations Protected species present Invasive species present Species of interest Dominant hydrology Quick run-off, Artificially regulated Dominant substrate River corridor land use Intensive agriculture Average bankfull channel width category more than 50 m Average bankfull channel width (m) 100100 m <br />0.1 km <br />10,000 cm <br /> Average bankfull channel depth category Average bankfull channel depth (m) Mean discharge category Mean annual discharge (m3/s) 198198 m³/s <br />198,000 l/s <br /> Average channel gradient category Average channel gradient 0 Average unit stream power (W/m2) 00 W/m² <br /> Project background Edit project background Reach length directly affected (m) 15000 m15 km <br />1,500,000 cm <br /> Project started 1994/01/01 Works started 1998/06/01 Works completed 1999/04/01 Project completed Total cost category 1000 - 5000 k€ Total cost (k€) 2600 k€2,600,000 € <br /> Benefit to cost ratio Funding sources French State, EDF French Electricity Supply Company, Water Agency Cost for project phases Phase cost category cost exact (k€) Lead organisation Contact forename Contact surname Investigation and design 100 - 500 k€ 172.27 k€172,270 € <br /> Stakeholder engagement and communication Works and works supervision 1000 - 5000 k€ 2160 k€2,160,000 € <br /> Post-project management and maintenance Monitoring Reasons for river restoration Edit reasons for restoration Mitigation of a pressure Hydropower, Reservoir impoundment Hydromorphology Continuity for organisms Biology Fish: Species composition, Fish: Disturbance-sensitive species, Fish: Age structure Physico-chemical Other reasons for the project Measures Edit Measures Structural measures Bank/bed modifications Dam removal Floodplain / River corridor Planform / Channel pattern Other Non-structural measures Management interventions Social measures (incl. engagement) Media Other Information provision, Participation in decision process, Participation in monitoring Monitoring Hydromorphological quality elements Edit Hydromorphological quality elements Element When monitored Type of monitoring Control site used Result Before measures After measures Qualitative Quantitative Continuity for organisms Yes Improvement Continuity for sediment Yes Biological quality elements Edit biological quality elements Element When monitored Type of monitoring Control site used Result Before measures After measures Qualitative Quantitative Fish: Species composition Yes Yes Improvement Physico-chemical quality elements Edit Physico-chemical quality elements Element When monitored Type of monitoring Control site used Result Before measures After measures Qualitative Quantitative Any other monitoring, e.g. social, economic Edit Other responses Element When monitored Type of monitoring Control site used Result Before measures After measures Qualitative Quantitative Monitoring documents Upload monitoring documents Additional documents and videos Upload additional documents Case study description by ONEMA (French National Agency for Water and Aquatic Environments) Additional links and references Edit links and references Link Description Supplementary Information Edit Supplementary Information