Case study:Eau Blanche River (Walphy - LIFE project)

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Location: 50° 5' 21.42" N, 4° 32' 14.20" E

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Project overview

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Status	Complete
Project web site	http://walphy.be
Themes	Habitat and biodiversity, Hydromorphology, Monitoring
Country	Belgium
Main contact forename	Alexandre
Main contact surname	Peeters
Main contact user ID	User:AlexBE
Contact organisation	Service Public de Wallonie (SPW)
Contact organisation web site	http://walphy.be
Partner organisations	University of Liege, University of Namur
This is a parent project encompassing the following projects	Bocq river (Walphy - LIFE project)

Eau Blanche at Nismes: meandering channel (one year post completion)

Project summary

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n the context of fulfilling the Water Framework Directive requirements, the LIFE+ project Walphy allowed experimental restoration projects to be undertaken on two medium-size catchments of the Meuse basin in Wallonia (Belgium) between 2009 and 2014: the Bocq catchment and the Eau Blanche Catchment. This five-year long project was funded by the European Union and the Service Public de Wallonie (SPW). It involved three institutions: the SPW was in charge of the experimental restoration projects while the Universities of Liège and Namur were responsible for evaluating the success of the restoration projects.

The Eau Blanche is a medium-size gravel-bed river. Its downstream reach (13 km) is characterized by a low gradient (1-2 ‰), a low energy (specific stream power at the bankfull stage: 20 W/m²) and a wide floodplain (around 600 m). Its channel have been straightened and embanked over the last few centuries (sinuosity index decreased from 1.6 to 1.1), which has led to significant loss of habitat.

A multi-scale assessment of hydromorphological conditions of the Eau Blanche catchment has led to several restoration projects on a total length 6 km. They consist of measures of different ambitions such as reconnecting remnant meander, meandering river channel and habitat diversification. In addition, we undertook locally to improve fish shelters and spawning areas.

Monitoring surveys and results

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The success of the restoration projects was evaluated on the basis of a multi-disciplinary monitoring.

Hydromorphology was evaluated on three restored sites using microhabitat survey and three indices of physical quality. For all sites, hydromorphology was significantly improved 10-20 months post-rehabilitation, through the diversification of flows (depth, substrate, water velocity) and the creation of habitats (e.g. fish shelters, spawning areas and woody debris). The most positive effects were observed for the most ambitious projects (meandering river channel and reconnecting remnant meander compared to habitat diversification).

Biological quality, based on macroinvertebrates and fish communities, has generally showed a status quo or a slight increase 10-20 months post-completion. As for hydromorphology, we might conclude that the most ambitious rehabilitation measures have resulted in the most positive effects. However, it would be prudent to await the results of the next monitoring surveys (4 years post-completion).

The geomorphological monitoring has focused on the effect of rehabilitation measures on river dynamic (bedload transport, bank erosion) and the effectiveness of spawning gravel rehabilitation.

Lessons learnt

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- Despite the short period of time (5 years) of this project, we realized afterwards the importance of achieving a multi-scale assessment and an initial state (pre-restoration) prior to restoration work.

- We implemented a wide range of demonstration techniques and we compared them in terms of cost-effectiveness (see the Manual of River Restoration Techniques on http://www.walphy.be/index.php?page=guide-technique).

- Most of the restoration projects could be implemented without acquiring the land but rather through negociations with the local community. This underlines the importance of engaging the local community.

- The time span of the project allowed us only 1-2 years of monitoring (post-restoration). Fortunately, the SPW funded a long-term monitoring (>3 years), which is crucial for accurate evaluation of success, especially for biological indicators.

- Finally, we hope the project to give a boost to future restoration projets in Wallonia.

Image gallery

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Straightening of the Eau blanche river

Remeandering river channel at Nismes

Remeandering river channel at Nismes

Habitat diversification at Mariembourg

Habitat diversification at Mariembourg

Habitat diversification at Mariembourg

Reconnecting a remnant meander at Boussu-en-Fagne

Reconnecting a remnant meander at Boussu-en-Fagne

Reconnecting a remnant meander at Boussu-en-Fagne (1 year post-completion)

Electrofishing at Boussu-en-Fagne

Educational pathway at Nismes

Catchment and subcatchment Select a catchment/subcatchment Edit the catchment and subcatchment details (affects all case studies in this subcatchment) Catchment River basin district Meuse River basin Meuse Subcatchment River name Eau Blanche Area category 100 - 1000 km² Area (km2) 259259 km² <br />25,900 ha <br /> Maximum altitude category 200 - 500 m Maximum altitude (m) 305305 m <br />0.305 km <br />30,500 cm <br /> Dominant geology Shale, limestone Ecoregion Western Plains Dominant land cover Grassland, pasture Waterbody ID MM05R, MM06R, MM07R Site Edit site Name WFD water body codes WFD (national) typology WFD water body name Pre-project morphology Reference morphology Desired post project morphology Heavily modified water body National/international site designation Local/regional site designations Protected species present Invasive species present Species of interest Dominant hydrology Dominant substrate River corridor land use Average bankfull channel width category Average bankfull channel width (m) Average bankfull channel depth category Average bankfull channel depth (m) Mean discharge category Mean annual discharge (m3/s) Average channel gradient category Average channel gradient Average unit stream power (W/m2) Project background Edit project background Reach length directly affected (m) Project started Works started Works completed Project completed Total cost category Total cost (k€) Benefit to cost ratio Funding sources Cost for project phases Phase cost category cost exact (k€) Lead organisation Contact forename Contact surname Investigation and design Stakeholder engagement and communication Works and works supervision Post-project management and maintenance Monitoring Reasons for river restoration Edit reasons for restoration Mitigation of a pressure Hydromorphology Biology Physico-chemical Other reasons for the project Measures Edit Measures Structural measures Bank/bed modifications Floodplain / River corridor Planform / Channel pattern Other Non-structural measures Management interventions Social measures (incl. engagement) Other Monitoring Hydromorphological quality elements Edit Hydromorphological quality elements Element When monitored Type of monitoring Control site used Result Before measures After measures Qualitative Quantitative Biological quality elements Edit biological quality elements Element When monitored Type of monitoring Control site used Result Before measures After measures Qualitative Quantitative Physico-chemical quality elements Edit Physico-chemical quality elements Element When monitored Type of monitoring Control site used Result Before measures After measures Qualitative Quantitative Any other monitoring, e.g. social, economic Edit Other responses Element When monitored Type of monitoring Control site used Result Before measures After measures Qualitative Quantitative Monitoring documents Upload monitoring documents Additional documents and videos Upload additional documents Additional links and references Edit links and references Link Description Supplementary Information Edit Supplementary Information