Case study:Zero river restoration project

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Location: 45° 33' 41.77" N, 12° 20' 7.28" E

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Project overview

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Status	Complete
Project web site
Themes	Flood risk management, Habitat and biodiversity, Land use management - agriculture, Land use management - forestry, Monitoring, Social benefits, Water quality
Country	Italy
Main contact forename	Paolo
Main contact surname	Cornelio
Main contact user ID
Contact organisation	p.cornelio@acquerisorgive.it
Contact organisation web site	http://www.acquerisorgive.it/
Partner organisations
Parent multi-site project
This is a parent project encompassing the following projects	No

The Zero river at the beginning of the restored portion

Project summary

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The Consorzio di Bonifica Acque Risorgive (drainage authority) is located within the pumped drainage landscape of the Venice Lagoon. The Consorzio was involved in a large programme aimed at developing a catchment strategy to reduce nutrient loads entering the Venice Lagoon from its tributaries. To achieve this goal, the Consorzio planned a major river restoration project for the Zero River, which drains into the lagoon. The main restoration actions carried out regarded: banks widening, increase of aquatic vegetation on river terraces, creation of lateral and inflow wetland (ponds and lakes) and creation of wooded riparian area irrigated by river water. Within this project a pilot experimental system was built along the Zero River, to evaluate in particular the buffering efficiency of the wooded areas on non-point pollution sources of nitrogen. On the experimental site, represented by a newly-established riparian woodland, the hydrology of the woodland is totally regulated through a series of pumps which irrigate the woodland with water coming from Zero River, through a series of parallel ditches (irrigation and drainage ditches). The results of this study provided useful data and know-how for improving the management of riparian buffer zones.

Monitoring surveys and results

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Lessons learnt

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Catchment and subcatchment

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(affects all case studies in this subcatchment)

Catchment

River basin district	Alpi Orientali
River basin	Bacino scolante della Laguna di Venezia

Subcatchment

River name	Bacino scolante della Laguna di Venezia
Area category	1000 - 10000 km²
Area (km2)	2,0382,038 km² <br />203,800 ha <br />
Maximum altitude category	100 - 200 m
Maximum altitude (m)
Dominant geology
Ecoregion	Italy and Corsica
Dominant land cover	Intensive agriculture (arable)
Waterbody ID

Other case studies in this subcatchment: Pagana canal restoration project, Rio San Martino and Piovega di Scandolara restoration project, Rio Sant'Ambrogio restoration project, Salzano wetland and Marzenego river restoration project, Scolo Desolino restoration project

Site

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Name	Zero river
WFD water body codes	673_32
WFD (national) typology
WFD water body name	Zero river
Pre-project morphology	Artificial channel
Reference morphology	Low gradient passively meandering
Desired post project morphology
Heavily modified water body	Yes
National/international site designation
Local/regional site designations
Protected species present	Yes
Invasive species present	Yes
Species of interest
Dominant hydrology	Groundwater
Dominant substrate	Clay
River corridor land use	Intensive agriculture (arable)
Average bankfull channel width category	10 - 50 m
Average bankfull channel width (m)
Average bankfull channel depth category	2 - 5 m
Average bankfull channel depth (m)
Mean discharge category	1 - 10 m³/s
Mean annual discharge (m3/s)
Average channel gradient category	0.001 - 0.01
Average channel gradient
Average unit stream power (W/m2)

Project background

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Reach length directly affected (m)	7,0007,000 m <br />7 km <br />700,000 cm <br />
Project started	1999
Works started
Works completed
Project completed	2004/01/01
Total cost category	5000 - 10000 k€
Total cost (k€)	7,2307,230 k€ <br />7,230,000 € <br />
Benefit to cost ratio
Funding sources	Veneto Region - “Piano per la prevenzione dell’inquinamento ed il risanamento delle acque del bacino idrografico immediatamente sversante in Laguna – Piano Direttore 2000”

Cost for project phases

Phase	cost category	cost exact (k€)	Lead organisation	Contact forename	Contact surname
Investigation and design
Stakeholder engagement and communication
Works and works supervision
Post-project management and maintenance
Monitoring

Reasons for river restoration

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Mitigation of a pressure	Nutrient removal to reduce eutrophication, reduce flood risk
Hydromorphology	Create a more natural and wide channel morphology
Biology	Increase ecological status of Fish, Macrophytes, Macrozoobenthos
Physico-chemical	Reduce Nitrogen, Phosphorous and Organic pollution
Other reasons for the project	Increase fruition and biodiversity in general in a agricultural and urban contest

Measures

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Structural measures
Bank/bed modifications	Bed enlargement
Floodplain / River corridor	Creation and reconnection of floodplain and new buffer strips
Planform / Channel pattern	Channel widening
Other	Creation of in-stream wetland and connection with an out-stream wetland
Non-structural measures
Management interventions	Adoption of new practices for acquatic vegetation management, pumping water to an adjacent newly afforested riparian buffer for nitrogen and phosphorous removal
Social measures (incl. engagement)	Involvement of farmers in buffer strips plantation ; education of students
Other

Monitoring

Hydromorphological quality elements

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quality elements

Element	When monitored		Type of monitoring		Control site used	Result
	Before measures	After measures	Qualitative	Quantitative

Biological quality elements

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quality elements

Element	When monitored		Type of monitoring		Control site used	Result
	Before measures	After measures	Qualitative	Quantitative
Fish	No	Yes	No	Yes	No

Physico-chemical quality elements

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quality elements

Element	When monitored		Type of monitoring		Control site used	Result
	Before measures	After measures	Qualitative	Quantitative
Nutrient concentrations	No	Yes	No	No	Yes	Improvement

Any other monitoring, e.g. social, economic

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Element	When monitored		Type of monitoring		Control site used	Result
	Before measures	After measures	Qualitative	Quantitative

Monitoring documents

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Monitoring of nitrogen removal in the riparian buffer - summary

Image gallery

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Zero river after restoration

In stream wetland

Newly afforested riparian buffer

Zero river widening

Additional documents and videos

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Venice lagoon RR ecrr conference english version.pdf

Additional links and references

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Link	Description
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2011.02025.x/abstract	Scientific paper on monitoring of the riparian buffer
http://www.acquerisorgive.it/page.asp?m=18	A website section dedicated to river restoration projects, studies and monitoring results by Consorzio Acque Risorgive

Supplementary Information

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