Case study:Salzano wetland and Marzenego river restoration project

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Location: 45° 32' 2.12" N, 12° 7' 52.90" E

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Project overview

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Status	Complete
Project web site
Themes	Flood risk management, Habitat and biodiversity, Land use management - forestry, Monitoring, Social benefits, Water quality
Country	Italy
Main contact forename	Paolo
Main contact surname	Cornelio
Main contact user ID
Contact organisation	Consorzio di Bonifica Acque Risorgive
Contact organisation web site	http://www.acquerisorgive.it/
Partner organisations
Parent multi-site project
This is a parent project encompassing the following projects	No

Salzano wetland after restoration

Project summary

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In order to reduce eutrophication problems that severely impair the quality of the Venice lagoon waters, the local government (the Veneto Region Authority), more than a decade ago,established a series of targets for the the reduction of nutrients that flow into the lagoon. As a detailed example, The “Salzano wetland” restoration was completed by the consortium which was, until the mid-1980s, subject to mining of clay. Since this period this 60 ha site has gradually been restored. Today this site is characterized by a mosaic of habitats of different spatial extent. The main actions of the project were: a)to create a system of new banks around a dry and with low ecological value portion (20 ha wide) of the extent wetland, and later to connect this area with the adjacent watercourse using gates to manage flows; b)reshaping the net of canals, ponds and pools inside this area to find the optimal residual time of the water to assure an efficient nutrient reduction; c)re-establish rare and endangered aquatic vegetation types (Carex elata, Cladium mariscus, Allium angulosum, Cirsium canum, Senecio paludosus, Typha laxmannii, Iris pseudacorus and Nuphar luteum) and monitor their development; d)create a new net of small channels to connect this restored wetland to the other portions; e)create a net of path and observation structures accessible to the public for recreation, educational and technical-scientific purposes.

Monitoring surveys and results

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Lessons learnt

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Catchment and subcatchment

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(affects all case studies in this subcatchment)

Catchment

River basin district	Alpi Orientali
River basin	Bacino scolante della Laguna di Venezia

Subcatchment

River name	Bacino scolante della Laguna di Venezia
Area category	1000 - 10000 km²
Area (km2)	2,0382,038 km² <br />203,800 ha <br />
Maximum altitude category	100 - 200 m
Maximum altitude (m)
Dominant geology
Ecoregion	Italy and Corsica
Dominant land cover	Intensive agriculture (arable)
Waterbody ID

Other case studies in this subcatchment: Pagana canal restoration project, Rio San Martino and Piovega di Scandolara restoration project, Rio Sant'Ambrogio restoration project, Scolo Desolino restoration project, Zero river restoration project

Site

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Name	Salzano wetland and Marzenego river
WFD water body codes	666_10
WFD (national) typology
WFD water body name	MARZENEGO - OSELLINO (DIRAM.)
Pre-project morphology	Artificial channel
Reference morphology	Low gradient passively meandering
Desired post project morphology
Heavily modified water body	Yes
National/international site designation	Italy - Siti di Importanza Comunitaria
Local/regional site designations	SIC IT3250008
Protected species present	Yes
Invasive species present	Yes
Species of interest	Carex elata, Cladium mariscus, Allium angulosum, Cirsium canum, Senecio paludosus, Typha laxmannii, Iris pseudacorus and Nuphar luteum
Dominant hydrology	Artificially regulated
Dominant substrate
River corridor land use	Intensive agriculture (arable)
Average bankfull channel width category	10 - 50 m
Average bankfull channel width (m)
Average bankfull channel depth category	0.5 - 2 m
Average bankfull channel depth (m)
Mean discharge category	1 - 10 m³/s
Mean annual discharge (m3/s)
Average channel gradient category	0.001 - 0.01
Average channel gradient
Average unit stream power (W/m2)

Project background

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Reach length directly affected (m)
Project started	2007
Works started
Works completed
Project completed	2009/10/01
Total cost category	1000 - 5000 k€
Total cost (k€)	2,7142,714 k€ <br />2,714,000 € <br />
Benefit to cost ratio
Funding sources	Veneto Region - “Piano per la prevenzione dell’inquinamento ed il risanamento delle acque del bacino idrografico immediatamente sversante in Laguna – Piano Direttore 2000”

Cost for project phases

Phase	cost category	cost exact (k€)	Lead organisation	Contact forename	Contact surname
Investigation and design
Stakeholder engagement and communication
Works and works supervision
Post-project management and maintenance
Monitoring

Reasons for river restoration

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Mitigation of a pressure	Nutrient removal to reduce eutrophication, reduce flood risk, increase lost biodiversity
Hydromorphology	Reconnect river to an out-flow wetland and create a more natural morphology inseide the wetland
Biology	Increase ecological status of Macrophytes
Physico-chemical	Reduce Nitrogen, Phosphorous and Organic pollution
Other reasons for the project	Increase fruition and biodiversity in general

Measures

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Structural measures
Bank/bed modifications	Reshaping the net of canals, ponds and pools inside the wetland
Floodplain / River corridor	Hydraulic connection between the river and an outflow wetland
Planform / Channel pattern
Other	re-establish rare and endangered aquatic vegetation types
Non-structural measures
Management interventions
Social measures (incl. engagement)	create a net of path and observation structures accessible to the public for recreation, educational and technical-scientific purposes
Other

Monitoring

Hydromorphological quality elements

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quality elements

Element	When monitored		Type of monitoring		Control site used	Result
	Before measures	After measures	Qualitative	Quantitative

Biological quality elements

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quality elements

Element	When monitored		Type of monitoring		Control site used	Result
	Before measures	After measures	Qualitative	Quantitative

Physico-chemical quality elements

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quality elements

Element	When monitored		Type of monitoring		Control site used	Result
	Before measures	After measures	Qualitative	Quantitative
Nutrient concentrations	No	Yes	No	Yes	No

Any other monitoring, e.g. social, economic

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Element	When monitored		Type of monitoring		Control site used	Result
	Before measures	After measures	Qualitative	Quantitative

Monitoring documents

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Monitoring of nutrient removal in Salzano wetland_Shyntesis of results (in Italian)

Image gallery

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Map of Salzano wetland

View of Salzano wetland after restoration

Inlet point

Additional documents and videos

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Additional links and references

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Link	Description
http://http://http://www.acquerisorgive.it/page.asp?m=18	A website section dedicated to river restoration projects, studies and monitoring results by Consorzio Acque Risorgive

Supplementary Information

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